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I dealt with this exact K-1 nightmare last year. One option nobody's mentioned yet is to talk to the partnership itself. Sometimes they can make a special tax distribution just to cover the taxes on phantom income. In my case, I showed the managing partner my tax projection and they agreed to distribute enough cash to cover the extra tax burden. Also, check if your partnership agreement has any provisions about tax distributions. Some partnerships are required to distribute at least enough to cover each partner's tax liability on allocated income.
I never even thought about asking for a tax distribution! My brother is the managing partner, so maybe he'd be open to this. Do you know if there are any specific terms or language I should use when asking about this? And did you have to show any specific documentation to support your request?
Just be straightforward and show him your tax projection from your accountant that displays the difference between your distributed income and your taxable income from the K-1. The term you want to use is "tax distribution" - it's a common concept in partnership agreements. I showed my managing partner a simple spreadsheet showing my K-1 income, my tax bracket, and the resulting tax liability compared to my actual distributions. Many partnership agreements actually require tax distributions specifically to avoid this situation, so check your agreement too.
Has your accountant discussed form 8582 with you? That's the form for calculating passive activity limitations. Sometimes accountants miss opportunities to group activities together to meet material participation standards. You might also want to check if you qualify for the real estate professional exception if this is a real estate partnership.
One thing nobody's mentioned yet - check if you're still within the timeframe for a "corrective distribution" for your 2022 overcontribution. If you took the distribution before your filing deadline (including extensions) for 2022, you can avoid the 6% excise tax completely, even if Vanguard coded it incorrectly on the 1099-R. For the earnings portion, you generally need to include those as income in the year you made the contribution (2022), not when you took the distribution (2023). If your 1099-R doesn't separately show the earnings, you might need to contact Vanguard to get that breakdown. The most critical form here is Form 5329 where you'll need to show you corrected the excess contribution. Even with an incorrect distribution code, you can still properly document this with an attached statement explaining the situation.
Thanks for this info! I did take the distribution in February 2023, which was before my filing deadline for 2022 taxes. But I'm confused about reporting the earnings - my 1099R doesn't break out what portion was earnings vs. principal. Does this mean I need to amend my 2022 return now to report those earnings? Or can I handle everything on my 2023 return?
Since you took the distribution before your 2022 filing deadline, you should definitely avoid the 6% excise tax, which is good news. For the earnings portion, yes, technically those earnings should be reported on your 2022 tax return, which would mean filing an amendment if you've already filed for 2022. You'll need to contact Vanguard to get the breakdown of principal vs. earnings from that distribution. Ask specifically for the "net income attributable" or NIA related to the excess contribution amount. This might not be reflected correctly on your 1099-R if the distribution wasn't properly coded.
Heads up - I went through this exact same mess with Fidelity last year. Make sure you also check if you qualify for the "self-certification" procedure under Revenue Procedure 2021-30. If your correction doesn't fully meet all the technical requirements for a proper return of excess contribution, you might still qualify for relief under this procedure. It essentially lets you "self-certify" that you intended to follow the rules for proper correction even if there were some procedural errors along the way. You'll need to file a specific statement with your return, but it could help avoid penalties even if Vanguard didn't process everything perfectly.
One extra tip: if you're filing multiple back years, don't use the standard Free File options. They usually only support the current and maybe previous year. I had to file 3 years back and ended up using FreeTaxUSA which supports filing returns back several years for a reasonable fee. TurboTax wanted a fortune for each past year. Also, set up an IRS online account NOW, before you need it. It takes a couple of weeks sometimes to verify your identity, and you'll want access to view your transcripts and track your refunds.
That's super helpful, thanks! Is it difficult to set up the IRS online account? I've heard horror stories about identity verification issues.
The IRS account setup is hit or miss. Make sure you have your phone in hand (they text a verification code) and a credit card or loan account number for additional verification. Most people get through fine, but about 30% of users hit snags with identity verification. If online verification fails, you'll need to either schedule a video interview or visit a local IRS office in person. The video option is much faster - usually within a week versus potentially months for an in-person appointment.
Has anyone been audited after filing multiple years of back taxes? I'm in a similar boat (4 unfiled years) and paranoid that suddenly filing everything will trigger an audit.
I filed 3 years at once back in 2023 and didn't get audited. But I made sure everything was accurate and had documentation for all my deductions just in case. From what I understand, simply filing back taxes doesn't automatically trigger an audit - it's more about what's IN those returns (unusual deductions, major discrepancies, etc).
Does anyone know if the court ruling affects the penalties for non-compliance? I heard the penalties were supposed to be pretty severe - like $500/day and potential criminal charges for willful violations. If the courts eventually uphold the CTA, could they still enforce penalties for the time period when we thought we didn't have to file?
As I understand it, if the injunction is eventually overturned and the BOI requirements are upheld, FinCEN would likely establish new compliance deadlines rather than trying to enforce the original ones retroactively. It would be pretty unreasonable to penalize businesses for non-compliance during a period when a court order explicitly stated they didn't have to comply. The penalties are indeed significant - civil penalties of $500 per day for violations, plus potential criminal penalties including imprisonment for willful violations. But these would only apply to violations of whatever new deadlines might be established if the CTA is ultimately upheld.
That makes sense, thanks for the clarification! I was worried we might get caught in some kind of legal trap if we don't file now but then the requirements come back later. I'll just keep our information ready but hold off on filing until there's more clarity.
My accountant told me to just go ahead and file the BOI reports anyway despite the injunction, saying "better safe than sorry." Does that make any sense to anyone? FinCEN is still accepting filings through their website, but I'm not sure if there's any benefit to filing when it's not currently required.
I think your accountant is being overly cautious. While FinCEN's system remains operational and you technically *can* still file, there's no legal requirement to do so while the injunction is in effect. There's no penalty for not filing right now. Unless you have some very specific business reason for wanting your beneficial ownership information on file with the government during this period of uncertainty, I'd recommend waiting to see how the legal situation resolves. Just keep your information organized so you're ready if/when the requirement comes back.
Alice Pierce
I went through almost the exact same situation last year. The key is to NOT agree to the audit results until the withholding issue is resolved. Once you agree to the assessment, it's much harder to fix. Instead of following the auditor's advice, I submitted a formal response to the audit stating that I agreed with the tax assessment BUT noted that my W2 withholdings of $X amount hadn't been included in the calculation. I included copies of my W2s and requested that penalties be calculated only on the actual amount owed after withholdings. It took about 3 weeks longer, but they eventually sent a revised audit result that properly accounted for my withholdings and the penalties were calculated correctly from the start. Don't pay anything until this is straightened out!
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Tyler Murphy
β’Thanks for sharing your experience! That's really helpful. Did you respond directly to the auditor or did you have to send something to a different department? And did you use any specific IRS forms for your response?
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Alice Pierce
β’I responded directly to the auditor using the response form they provided with the audit notice. The key was including copies of all my W2s and highlighting the withholding amounts on each one. I didn't use any special IRS forms - just a clear cover letter explaining that I agreed with their finding of additional tax owed, but disagreed with the penalty calculation because it didn't account for withholdings already paid. I specifically requested that they revise the penalties to reflect only the actual unpaid amount. The formal tone seemed to help get it processed correctly the first time.
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Esteban Tate
Just to add another perspective - what the auditor told you is technically correct in terms of IRS procedure, but it's inefficient and potentially costly for you. The IRS often has different departments handle tax assessment (audit) and payment processing. When your audit is closed, your account should eventually reflect both the increased tax assessment AND your withholdings, but there can be timing gaps where penalties are calculated incorrectly. If you do follow the auditor's advice, make sure to follow up after paying to request a penalty abatement for the portion calculated on taxes you already paid through withholding. You can use IRS Form 843 for this. Include copies of your W2s showing the withholding.
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Ivanna St. Pierre
β’Is there a time limit on requesting penalty abatement? I think I might be in a similar situation from last year but already paid everything they asked for.
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