Great question! I went through this exact decision two years ago when I started my tax prep business. Here's what I learned: Start as a sole proprietorship (LLC taxed as sole prop) for your first year or two. It's simpler, cheaper to maintain, and gives you flexibility while you're getting established. You'll just file Schedule C with your personal return and pay self-employment tax on profits. The magic number where S-Corp starts making sense is usually around $60-70k in annual profit. At that point, the self-employment tax savings from S-Corp election can offset the additional complexity and costs. For payroll with S-Corp - yes, you absolutely need to set up payroll to pay yourself a reasonable salary. I use ADP for about $60/month, but QuickBooks payroll works too. The IRS is very strict about this - no salary means no S-Corp benefits. My advice: Focus on getting your business profitable first, then revisit the S-Corp election once you have a solid year of income data. You can always elect S-Corp status later (effective beginning of the tax year you make the election). Good luck with your barbershop! The chair rental model is smart - just make sure you have solid rental agreements in place.

One more consideration that might be helpful - don't forget about quarterly estimated tax payments! Whether you go sole prop or S-Corp, you'll likely need to make quarterly payments to avoid penalties since you won't have taxes automatically withheld like with a W-2 job. For sole proprietorship, you'll calculate these based on your expected net profit and self-employment tax. For S-Corp, it's a bit more complex since you'll have both payroll taxes (handled automatically if you use payroll software) and taxes on any distributions. I'd recommend setting aside about 25-30% of your net profit in a separate savings account for taxes - better to overpay than get hit with penalties. Once you get through your first year, you'll have actual numbers to work with for more accurate quarterly estimates. Also, since you're opening next month, make sure you get an EIN (Employer Identification Number) even if you start as sole prop. You'll need it for business banking and it makes things smoother if you decide to switch to S-Corp later. The IRS website lets you get one instantly online - takes about 10 minutes.

I'm a new minister dealing with this exact situation! Reading through everyone's responses has been incredibly helpful, but I'm still a bit confused about the timing aspect. My church board meets quarterly, and I just started my position last month. Can I retroactively designate a housing allowance for the months I've already worked, or does it need to be designated before I receive the salary? I've been paying regular income tax on my full salary so far. Also, I'm renting an apartment and my actual housing costs (rent + utilities + renters insurance) come to about $1,800/month. My salary is $55,000 annually. Would it make sense to designate the full $21,600 annually as housing allowance, or should I be more conservative? I don't want to run into issues with the "fair rental value" test since I don't own my home. Thanks for all the great advice in this thread - especially about the FICA withholding issue. I need to check my paystubs immediately!

Great thread everyone! As someone who's worked in church administration for over a decade, I want to emphasize a few key points that can save ministers significant money: First, the confusion in the original post is very common - many ministers think the housing allowance creates additional tax burden when it actually ALWAYS saves money on federal income taxes. The 15.3% self-employment tax applies to your full ministerial income regardless of housing allowance designation. Second, timing is crucial. Unlike some tax benefits, housing allowances must be designated BEFORE payment, not when you file taxes. Churches should document this through board minutes or official letters. Third, don't forget about state taxes! While the housing allowance reduces federal income tax, most states don't recognize this exclusion, so you'll still pay state income tax on your full salary. This is still usually beneficial overall, but factor it into your calculations. Finally, for those struggling with the "fair rental value" determination, consider that this includes utilities, furnishings, and maintenance - not just bare rent. A $1,200/month apartment might have a fair rental value of $1,500+ when you factor in what a furnished rental with utilities would cost. Keep excellent records and don't be afraid to take advantage of this legitimate tax benefit that Congress specifically created for ministers!

This is a common area of confusion for traveling consultants! The key principle is that per diem covers YOUR personal meals only. Here's how I handle it based on my CPA's guidance: When traveling and using per diem: - Per diem covers all YOUR meals for that travel day - If you buy meals for CLIENTS/CONTRACTORS as part of business discussions, their portion can be a separate business expense (not your portion) - Document who attended, business purpose, and keep receipts For your crew meals where you don't eat with them - if it's truly for business purposes (team meetings, morale for productivity, etc.), this could qualify as a separate business expense since it's not covering your personal meal. Local client meetings when not traveling are indeed 50% deductible business meals. The IRS looks at substance over form - are you legitimately incurring business expenses beyond your personal sustenance? Document everything with dates, attendees, business purpose, and amounts. When in doubt, separate your personal meal costs (covered by per diem) from costs incurred for business purposes with others. I'd recommend getting this reviewed by a tax professional familiar with your specific situation to ensure compliance.

Great question! I've dealt with similar confusion as a traveling consultant. Based on my experience and discussions with my tax preparer, here's what I've learned: When you're on travel status using per diem, that rate covers ALL of your personal meals for that day - breakfast, lunch, and dinner. You can't also deduct your portion of business meals on those same days. However, if you're paying for CLIENT meals during business discussions while traveling, the clients' portions can potentially be deducted as separate business expenses. The key is documentation - you need to clearly show the business purpose, who attended, and ideally break down costs so it's clear you're not double-dipping on your own meal. For buying food for your crew when you don't eat with them - this could qualify as a business expense if there's a legitimate business purpose (team meetings, boosting morale for productivity, etc.). Again, documentation is crucial. Your understanding about local client meetings is correct - when you're not traveling, those are typically 50% deductible business meals. One thing that's helped me is keeping a simple spreadsheet tracking: - Travel days (per diem only) - Client entertainment expenses (separate from per diem) - Local business meals (when not traveling) This makes it much easier come tax time and helps ensure you're not accidentally claiming the same expense twice. Definitely worth having a tax pro review your specific situation!

Has anyone used the option on the W-4 where you check "Married but withhold at higher single rate" instead of just "Married"? My accountant told me this is easier than doing all the multiple jobs worksheet calculations for two-income households.

This is exactly why I always recommend dual-income couples be extra careful with their W-4 setup! The "married" filing status assumes your spouse either doesn't work or earns very little, which clearly isn't your situation. With your combined income of around $104,000, you're definitely going to owe taxes. The good news is you still have time to fix this before year-end. I'd suggest having your wife submit a new W-4 immediately using either the "Married but withhold at higher single rate" option (which is simpler) or completing the Two-Earners worksheet for a more precise calculation. You should also consider making an estimated tax payment for Q4 to cover what you'll likely owe, especially if you're concerned about underpayment penalties. The IRS generally requires you to pay 90% of your current year tax liability or 100% of last year's (110% if your prior year AGI was over $150K) to avoid penalties.

Great question! I went through something similar last year and learned a lot about how these different types of income and losses interact. The short answer is that gambling winnings and capital losses are treated as separate categories by the IRS, so you can't directly offset your $2,000 casino winnings with your $9,500 stock losses. However, you're not completely out of luck! Here's what you CAN do: You can use up to $3,000 of your net capital losses to reduce your ordinary income each year (which includes gambling winnings). So while you'll still need to report the full $2,000 in gambling winnings, you can also deduct $3,000 of your stock losses against your total income - effectively reducing your taxable income by $1,000 net. The remaining $6,500 in capital losses will carry forward to future tax years, where you can continue to deduct $3,000 annually until they're used up. One important thing to keep in mind for next year: start tracking ALL your gambling activity now - wins and losses, with dates, locations, and amounts. If you have gambling losses, you can use those to offset gambling winnings (but only if you itemize deductions). Good record-keeping now could save you money later! The W-2G from the casino will report your winnings, so definitely plan for that tax liability, but at least you've got some capital losses to help reduce your overall tax burden.

This is a great question that many people don't realize until they're filing their taxes! As others have mentioned, gambling winnings and capital losses are indeed treated as separate categories by the IRS, but there are still some strategies to help your overall tax situation. One thing I'd add that hasn't been fully covered - since you mentioned this was a "lucky night at the blackjack table," make sure you understand the difference between professional gambling income and casual gambling winnings. If this was truly a one-off lucky night and not part of regular gambling activity, it's treated as miscellaneous income. But if you're regularly gambling with the intent to make a profit, the IRS might classify you as a professional gambler, which changes how you report everything. For your immediate situation: Yes, you can use $3,000 of your $9,500 capital losses to offset ordinary income (including your gambling winnings), with the remainder carrying forward. But definitely start that gambling diary now - dates, locations, amounts won/lost, type of gambling. Even if you don't plan to gamble regularly, having good records from the start will help if your gambling activity increases. Also consider whether itemizing vs. standard deduction makes sense for your overall tax situation, especially if you end up with gambling losses to report in future years. The tax code around gambling can be tricky, so don't hesitate to consult a tax professional if your gambling or investment activity becomes more complex!