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Just to add another perspective - I've been handling my S Corp vehicle reimbursements for years, and I actually alternate between standard mileage rate and actual expenses depending on which gives me better tax treatment each year. For the first year I had a new vehicle, I used actual expenses because the depreciation was significant. Later years I switched to standard mileage. Just remember that if you start with actual expenses in the first year, you CANNOT switch to standard mileage later for that same vehicle. Either way, as others mentioned, loan interest and registration fees based on business use percentage can be reimbursed separately. Just make sure your mileage log is immaculate - that's the first thing they'll ask for in an audit.
Thanks for mentioning the limitation on switching methods. I didn't realize that if you start with actual expenses, you can't switch to standard mileage later for the same vehicle. Is the reverse also true? If I start with standard mileage, can I switch to actual expenses in later years?
Yes, you can switch from standard mileage to actual expenses in later years, but once you make that switch, you're locked into actual expenses for the remaining life of that vehicle for business use. This is why the first-year decision is so important. I generally recommend using standard mileage in the first year unless you have a very expensive vehicle with high depreciation and relatively low mileage. This keeps your options open. The IRS rules on this are strict, and they specifically don't allow going back to standard mileage after using actual expenses.
Something nobody mentioned yet - watch out for the personal use portion of any vehicle expenses! If your S Corp reimburses you for 75% of costs based on business use, make sure you're personally paying for the other 25% directly. Don't run personal vehicle expenses through the business. I made this mistake and had some distribution reclassified as taxable compensation during an audit. They were particularly interested in my vehicle reimbursements and documentation. The accountable plan rules are strict - it must be for business expenses only, within a reasonable time period, and any excess reimbursements must be returned.
Exactly this. I've seen so many small S Corps get in trouble for this exact issue. The IRS loves to go after vehicle deductions because they're often abused. Another tip: if your business use percentage is very high (like 90%+), be prepared for extra scrutiny.
7 Have you considered a 401k loan instead of a withdrawal? If your plan allows it, you can typically borrow up to 50% of your vested account balance (up to $50,000). The benefits are huge compared to a withdrawal: - No taxes or penalties - Repay the loan with interest to yourself - Usually 5 years to repay through payroll deductions The downside is if you leave your job, you'd need to repay the full amount pretty quickly (usually 60-90 days) or it converts to a distribution with all the penalties and taxes.
12 How does the interest work though? Like if I'm paying interest to my own account, isn't that just moving money from one pocket to another?
7 The interest works in your favor actually. When you pay interest on a 401k loan, that interest goes back into your own account. So yes, you're essentially paying yourself, which is much better than paying interest to a bank or credit card company. The interest rate is typically prime rate plus 1-2%, so around 6-8% currently. This money gets added to your 401k balance, so in a way, it forces you to contribute a bit extra to your retirement. The only real "cost" is the potential investment growth you miss out on for the money while it's out of your account.
4 Another option to consider - if you're buying your first home or have qualifying education expenses, you might be able to avoid the 10% penalty (though you'd still pay income tax on the withdrawal). Just as a data point, I took out about $3k last year for qualified education expenses and only had to pay the income tax portion.
From a client perspective, I HATE phone calls, but I do appreciate a text or email reminder. Phone calls feel pushy and sales-y to me, especially from a business relationship that only happens once a year. I've actually switched tax preparers before because one kept calling me multiple times trying to "check in" when an email would have been fine.
Do you think age plays a factor in this preference? I wonder if older clients prefer the phone calls while younger ones prefer digital communication. Maybe tax preparers should note communication preferences in their systems?
Age might be a factor for some, but I think it's more about personality and individual preferences than a strict generational divide. I'm in my 50s and strongly prefer text/email, while my 28-year-old daughter likes talking on the phone for business matters. I think you hit the nail on the head with your second point - tax preparers should definitely ask clients about their preferred contact method and make a note in their system. A simple field in the client database would solve this whole issue. Good communication is about respecting how people want to be communicated with.
Maybe this is an unpopular opinion, but I actually appreciate the reminder calls from my tax person. I'm super busy and taxes aren't exactly top of mind until suddenly it's April 10th and I'm panicking. Last year I got a friendly call in February from my CPA's office and it prompted me to get organized early.
I feel exactly the same way! My tax situation is complicated with rental properties and self-employment, and I always need that nudge to start gathering documents. My preparer sends one email in January and then one phone call in February if I haven't scheduled yet. Perfect system.
Did your preparer have you sign the return before filing? They're required to get your signature on Form 8879 which confirms you've reviewed the return. Always check your return before signing!
Make sure you save all your communication with the preparer about fixing this issue! If the IRS ever questions you about it, having evidence that you took immediate steps to correct the error once you discovered it will help show you weren't trying to claim credits you knew you weren't eligible for.
Khalid Howes
Just want to add another option - check your IRS online account if you have one. Sometimes your W-2 info is already there in the system even if you never received the physical form. Employers submit this info directly to the IRS, so you might find it in your wage and income transcript. I had a similar issue and found that even though my employer never sent me my W-2, the information was already in the IRS system. I just printed the transcript and used that information to file my taxes. Saved me a lot of hassle with trying to track down the employer or filling out substitute forms.
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Summer Green
ā¢That's a great suggestion! I hadn't even thought of checking my IRS account. Do you know how quickly that information typically shows up there? My missing W-2 would be for 2024 taxes, so I'm wondering if it would even be in the system yet if the employer hasn't sent it to me.
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Khalid Howes
ā¢For current year (2024) tax information, there can be a significant delay before it appears in your IRS account. Employers are required to submit W-2 data to the Social Security Administration by January 31st, but it can take until July or even later before that information makes it to the IRS systems and becomes visible in your online account. Since you're trying to file now rather than waiting several more months, the Form 4852 route with your pay stubs is probably your best option. The online account is more helpful for prior years or if you're willing to wait longer. But it's always worth checking just in case your information is already there!
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Ben Cooper
Has anyone used both a real W2 and a Form 4852 substitute W2 on the same tax return before? My tax software (TurboTax) is getting confused when I try to enter both. It keeps saying I have duplicate income sources.
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Naila Gordon
ā¢Yes, I had to do this last year! In TurboTax, you need to enter them as completely separate employers even if they're technically the same company. For the Form 4852 entry, add something to distinguish it in the employer name field - I added "(Form 4852)" after the employer name. This helped TurboTax treat them as separate income sources. Just make sure the EIN (Employer Identification Number) is exactly the same on both entries if they're from the same employer. The IRS computers match by EIN, so that needs to be accurate.
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