I work at a local library and we often help people with genealogy research that involves finding old records. A few additional resources that might help: 1. The National Archives (NARA) sometimes has employment records from federal agencies or contractors that worked on government projects in the 1970s. If your father worked for any federal agency or major defense contractor, they might have personnel records. 2. Many universities keep alumni records going back decades. If your father attended any college or university during that time period, their registrar's office might have enrollment records showing his address. 3. Old phone directories are often archived at local libraries and historical societies. These can show residence addresses by year and are sometimes available online through sites like Ancestry.com. 4. If your father served in the military at any point, his DD-214 discharge papers or military personnel records might reference his civilian address during the 1970s. The combination of Social Security earnings records plus one of these other sources usually provides sufficient proof of residency for most applications. Good luck with your search!

Just wanted to add another resource that helped me in a similar situation - old bank records! If your father had a checking or savings account during that time period, some banks (especially credit unions) keep customer records going back decades. I was able to get statements from a credit union that showed my mother's address and regular deposits from 1976-1978, which proved both residency and employment. You'll need to contact the bank directly and may need to provide a death certificate or power of attorney if you're requesting records for someone else. Some banks charge a fee for historical records research, but it's usually much less expensive than some of the specialized services mentioned here. Also, don't overlook old insurance records - homeowner's, renter's, or auto insurance policies from that era would definitely establish residency. If you know what insurance company your dad used, their records department might be able to help.

Wow, what an absolutely fascinating thread! As someone new to this community, I'm genuinely amazed by the depth of expertise and collaborative problem-solving I've witnessed here. This discussion has been like watching a master class in comprehensive financial planning for truly unique circumstances. What started as a straightforward tax filing question has blossomed into an incredibly thorough analysis covering everything from immediate filing strategies to decades-long financial planning implications. The way everyone has approached this with such genuine care while contributing their specialized knowledge - from CPAs and payroll experts to disability advocates - has been remarkable to witness. I'm particularly impressed by how the conversation evolved to identify not just the challenges but also the unique advantages of their situation, like the potential for doubled retirement contributions and other per-person benefits. The ADA compliance angle was especially brilliant - reframing employer discussions as legal accommodation requirements rather than requests for favors could be a game-changer. The roadmap that's emerged seems incredibly solid: immediate separate filing with detailed explanations, proactive employer engagement using ADA leverage, official IRS guidance documentation, and holistic long-term planning. The emphasis on establishing consistent, well-documented precedents shows real foresight. Your cousin's friend is so fortunate to have someone advocating for them like this. This thread honestly deserves to be preserved as a resource - I can't imagine there are many places where such rare circumstances have been analyzed with this level of expertise and compassion. Thank you all for such an educational discussion!

This has been such an incredibly comprehensive and thoughtful discussion! As someone who's worked in tax preparation for several years, I'm genuinely impressed by the collective expertise and collaborative approach everyone has taken to such a unique situation. What really strikes me about this thread is how it's evolved from a basic tax filing question into a masterclass on holistic financial planning for extraordinary circumstances. The way everyone has contributed their specialized knowledge - from CPAs and payroll experts to disability advocates - has created what's essentially a complete roadmap for handling one of the rarest tax situations imaginable. I particularly appreciate how the discussion has balanced immediate practical solutions (separate filing with detailed explanations) with long-term strategic thinking (ADA compliance, Social Security credits, retirement planning advantages). The emphasis on documentation and establishing consistent precedents shows real wisdom that will serve your cousin's friend well for decades to come. The ADA angle was especially enlightening - reframing the employer conversation as a legal compliance issue rather than a favor request could completely change the dynamics and ensure they get the accommodations they need. This thread should honestly become a reference resource for tax professionals and disability advocates. The level of care, expertise, and thorough analysis here is extraordinary. I hope your cousin's friend finds this guidance helpful and that everything works out smoothly for them. Please keep us updated on their progress - their experience could genuinely help others facing similar circumstances!

I'm also a UK resident who had to navigate this exact situation when I started doing freelance work for US companies! The W-8BEN form definitely looks intimidating at first glance, but it's really much simpler than it appears. Everyone here has given you excellent guidance. I'd just add that it's worth double-checking that your publisher provides clear instructions on how they want to receive the completed form - some prefer email, others have online portals, and a few still use traditional mail. Getting this sorted upfront can save you from delays later. Also, don't stress if you make a small mistake the first time around. I initially forgot to date my form (silly mistake!), and the publisher just asked me to resubmit it. They're generally quite understanding since they know this process can be confusing for newcomers to US business. Once you've got your W-8BEN processed and start receiving payments without that 30% withholding, you'll realize how valuable this little bit of paperwork really is. Your travel guide audiobook sounds like a fantastic project - there's something really special about authors narrating their own work. Best of luck with both the admin side and the creative recording process!

I completely understand the confusion - I went through this exact same process as a UK resident last year when I started doing contract work for several US companies! The W-8BEN form is essentially your declaration that you're not a US person, so they don't automatically withhold 30% of your payments for US taxes. Here's what worked for me: Download the current W-8BEN form directly from irs.gov (make sure it's the official IRS site to get the latest version). Fill in your personal details using your National Insurance number as your Tax Identification Number. The crucial part is Part II where you claim treaty benefits - write "United Kingdom", "Article 12" (for royalties, which audiobook narration falls under), and "0" (not "0%" - they're picky about format). Once you submit it properly, your publisher will process it and you'll receive your full payments without any US withholding. The form is valid for three years, so you won't need to worry about this again anytime soon. Most established publishers deal with international talent regularly, so they should be able to help if you have questions. Don't stress too much - what feels overwhelming now will seem routine once you've done it. Your audiobook project sounds fantastic, and this paperwork is just a small hurdle before you get to the exciting creative work!

Thanks everyone for the detailed explanations! This thread has been incredibly helpful. I just wanted to add one more consideration that caught me off guard when I dealt with a similar ISO disqualifying disposition situation. Make sure to keep detailed records of your exercise date, FMV at exercise, exercise price, sale date, and sale price for each batch of shares. The IRS may want documentation to support your calculations, especially when you're claiming the "lesser of" rule applies. Also, if you exercised ISOs across multiple tax years but sold in a single year, each batch needs to be calculated separately. I made the mistake of averaging everything together initially, which would have resulted in incorrect tax treatment. One last tip - if you're doing this manually, double-check your math on the ordinary income calculation. It's easy to accidentally use the spread at exercise instead of your actual gain when the sale price is below FMV at exercise. The difference can be significant on your tax bill!

This is exactly the kind of detailed discussion I was hoping to find! I'm dealing with a very similar ISO situation and want to share what I've learned from my research and conversations with tax professionals. One thing that hasn't been mentioned yet is the timing aspect of reporting this correctly. Since you had a disqualifying disposition, you need to report the ordinary income portion on your 2024 tax return (assuming that's when you sold), even if your employer doesn't include it on your W-2 until they process their year-end payroll. Also, for future reference - and this might help others reading this thread - if you're facing financial pressure that might force you to sell ISO shares early, consider whether you can do a "cashless exercise" instead of exercising and then selling separately. Some companies allow this, and it can simplify the tax treatment since everything happens simultaneously. The key takeaway from all the great advice in this thread is that ISO tax rules are complex enough that it's worth getting professional help or using specialized tools. The potential for costly mistakes is just too high, especially when you're dealing with disqualifying dispositions and the various adjustment scenarios people have described. Thanks to everyone who contributed - this thread is going to save a lot of people from ISO tax headaches!

I'm probably going against the crowd here, but TurboTax has always been super easy for me even as a first-time filer years ago. Yes it costs more than FreeTaxUSA but the interface is really user friendly. They walk you through federal and then state automatically, importing all relevant info from federal to state.

For your first time filing, FreeTaxUSA is definitely a solid choice! You'll do federal and state separately, but like others mentioned, the info carries over so you're not starting from scratch twice. Regarding payment options - if your debit card is acting up, you can usually pay the FreeTaxUSA service fee directly from your bank account using your routing and account numbers (same info you'd use for direct deposit). Most banks also let you pay bills online through their bill pay service if you want to avoid entering card info. One thing I learned my first year: don't stress too much about making mistakes. The software catches most common errors, and even if something small slips through, it's usually easily fixable. The IRS isn't out to get you - they just want their forms filled out correctly. You've got this!