Has anyone actually gotten FreeTaxUSA to correctly calculate the tax credit for income tax withheld on 1042-S? I tried reporting it as suggested here but my refund calculation seems off.

I went through this exact same situation two years ago! As a tax resident filing jointly, FreeTaxUSA definitely works for 1042-S reporting, but you need to be careful about a few things that haven't been mentioned yet. First, double-check that your 1042-S shows the correct tax treaty benefits applied (if any). Sometimes universities mess this up even for tax residents. If you see treaty benefits applied when you shouldn't have them as a resident, you'll need to contact your university's payroll office to get a corrected 1042-S. Second, when entering the fellowship income as "Other Income" on Schedule 1 Line 8z as Chloe mentioned, make sure to also check if any of it qualifies for the American Opportunity Tax Credit or Lifetime Learning Credit. Fellowship money used for qualified education expenses can sometimes still allow you to claim these credits for other educational expenses you paid out of pocket. Also, since you mentioned HSA contributions - fellowship income actually counts as earned income for HSA contribution purposes, which is great news if you're trying to maximize your HSA contributions for the year. The combination of FreeTaxUSA plus getting official IRS guidance through something like Claimyr (as Sophie mentioned) is honestly your best bet for peace of mind on a complex situation like this.

Has anyone considered the Lifetime Learning Credit instead? It's not a business deduction but it's worth up to $2,000 per year for qualified education expenses. Definitely not as good as deducting the full cost on Schedule C, but it's a guaranteed benefit if you meet the income requirements.

Based on my experience as a tax professional, the key issue here is the timing and business connection. Since you launched your entrepreneurship venture during your MBA program, you're in a gray area that the IRS scrutinizes carefully. For Schedule C deduction eligibility, you'll need to demonstrate that: 1) Your business was actively operating (not just planned) when you incurred the MBA expenses, 2) Specific courses directly maintain or improve skills you're currently using in your existing business operations, and 3) The education doesn't primarily qualify you for a new trade or business. Given your $6,700 in sales, you clearly have an active business, which strengthens your position. However, I'd recommend only deducting the portion of MBA costs that directly relate to skills you're actively using in your current venture - perhaps courses in entrepreneurship, marketing, finance, or operations management. Document everything: course descriptions, syllabi, and written explanations of how each course directly applies to your current business activities. Consider consulting with a tax professional before filing, especially given the audit risk Miguel mentioned. The safe approach might be claiming a smaller, well-documented portion rather than the full $37,000.

I went through this exact same situation with TurboTax last year and can confirm what others are saying - it's completely normal but poorly explained. The key thing to understand is that your original return and amended return are processed as completely separate transactions by the IRS. Here's what actually happens: 1. Your original refund will be issued regardless of your amendment status 2. Your amendment creates a separate tax liability that must be paid independently 3. The IRS systems don't automatically "net" these amounts together One important tip that saved me stress: you can actually make the amendment payment using EFTPS (Electronic Federal Tax Payment System) directly to the IRS instead of through TurboTax. This gives you more control over timing and you can see exactly when the payment processes. Just make sure you include the correct tax year and form code (1040X) when making the payment. The whole process took about 6 weeks for me - got my original refund in 3 weeks, and the amendment was processed about 3 weeks after that. The separate payment thing is definitely counterintuitive, but once you understand it's two different systems, it makes more sense.

This is such a common source of confusion! I went through the same thing two years ago and it really threw me off. What helped me understand it better was thinking of it like this: your original return is like a contract you already signed with the IRS - they're going to honor that refund amount. Your amendment is essentially a new, separate contract saying "oops, I actually owe you more money." The IRS processes these through different departments and systems, so they can't just automatically adjust one against the other. It's frustrating from a cash flow perspective, especially for contractors like us who might be waiting on that original refund to cover the amendment payment. One thing that might help ease your mind: you can check the status of your original refund using the "Where's My Refund" tool on IRS.gov. Once you see it's been approved for direct deposit, you'll know exactly when to expect it. Then you can time your amendment payment accordingly (just don't miss the deadline as others have mentioned). The whole system definitely feels backward, but once you accept that it's two separate transactions, it becomes less stressful. Your original refund is coming - the amendment doesn't change that!

Anyone know if leasing vs. financing makes a difference for depreciation on heavy vehicles? My dealer is pushing me to lease instead of finance.

Just wanted to add some clarity on the financing vs outright purchase question since I went through this exact scenario last year with my concrete business. You definitely can take 100% bonus depreciation on a financed heavy vehicle (over 6,000 lbs GVWR). The key thing to understand is that when you finance a vehicle, you're still the legal owner - the lender just has a security interest (lien) in it until you pay it off. For tax purposes, ownership is what matters, not how you paid for it. I financed an $78,000 F-450 dump truck and was able to deduct the full amount in year one using bonus depreciation. My accountant explained that the IRS views it as if you "borrowed money to buy an asset" rather than "renting an asset you don't own." Just make sure you: 1. Verify the GVWR is actually over 6,000 lbs (it should be on the door jamb sticker) 2. Use it more than 50% for business 3. Keep detailed mileage logs 4. Place it in service during the tax year you want to claim the deduction The cash flow benefit was huge for my business in year one, even though I'm still making monthly payments on the truck.

If you're paying before filing, double check that your withholding info is correct for next year too! I made a big payment early last year but then realized I could have just adjusted my W-4 to take out more from each paycheck. Much easier than making separate payments!

Great advice here! I'm in a similar situation with my freelance income and was panicking about owing a huge amount at filing time. One thing I learned the hard way - if you're making payments throughout the year like this, it's also worth looking into whether you should be making quarterly estimated payments going forward. The IRS expects regular income earners to pay as they go, and if you owe more than $1,000 when you file, you might get hit with underpayment penalties even if you pay the full amount by the filing deadline. Making that $10k payment now is smart, but also consider setting up quarterly payments for next year to stay ahead of it!