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I'm dealing with a similar situation and want to add one important point that might help. When you defer 100% of your S-Corp salary to a Solo 401k, make sure you're also considering the impact on your personal tax situation. Even though Box 1 on your W-2 will show $0, you'll still want to verify that you have enough withholding or estimated tax payments to cover any other income sources. Also, double-check that your Solo 401k provider can handle employer contributions properly. The $5,250 match you mentioned should be deposited separately from your salary deferrals, and some providers have specific procedures for this. I learned this the hard way when my initial provider couldn't process the employer match correctly for my S-Corp setup. One last thing - keep detailed records of your reasonable salary determination. Even though you deferred it all, the IRS may still want to see documentation of how you arrived at the $21,000 figure in case they ever question whether it's truly reasonable for your type of business and time commitment.
This is a great question and you're definitely on the right track! I went through something very similar with my S-Corp last year. You're correct that Box 1 should show $0 since you deferred your entire salary, and the $21,000 goes in Box 12 with code D. However, here's the critical part that trips up many S-Corp owners: you still owe FICA taxes on the full $21,000 even though it was deferred to your 401k. This means Boxes 3 and 5 on your W-2 should show the full $21,000 for Social Security and Medicare wages. If you haven't been making quarterly payments for these taxes throughout the year, you'll need to catch up now - that's about $3,206 total (15.3% of $21,000) split between employer and employee portions. Also, make sure your Solo 401k was properly established with all required documentation before you made the deferrals. The employer match doesn't appear on your W-2 since it's not considered wages, but it should be deposited separately into your 401k account. For your 1120S, the salary expense and employer portion of FICA taxes are deductible business expenses. Don't forget to file Form 941 for the quarterly payroll taxes even if you're catching up late - there may be penalties, but it's better to file than not file at all.
This is incredibly helpful, thank you! I'm new to S-Corp taxation and this clarifies so much. Quick follow-up question - when you say "catch up" on the FICA taxes, do I need to file amended 941s for each quarter, or can I just make one payment now and file the current quarter's 941 with the full amount? Also, are there specific penalty calculations I should be aware of for late FICA payments, or does the IRS have a standard rate they apply?
Great question! This is definitely a complex situation that many couples face. Based on what you've described, here are the key points to consider: **Mid-year switching is possible but requires specific conditions:** 1. Your wife starting a new job IS a qualifying life event that allows mid-year benefit changes 2. Your employer must allow FSA modifications for qualifying events (not all do) 3. You'd need to either cancel your FSA entirely or switch to a limited-purpose FSA (dental/vision only) **Important timing considerations:** - If you switch mid-year, your HSA contribution limit will be prorated based on eligible months - Any unused FSA funds might be at risk depending on your plan's rules - Your wife's employer HSA contributions count toward the annual limit **My recommendation:** Contact your HR department immediately to ask about: 1. Whether they allow FSA cancellation/modification for qualifying events 2. If they offer limited-purpose FSA as an option 3. What happens to your current FSA balance if you make changes The cleanest approach might be waiting until your next open enrollment period to decline the FSA and switch to your wife's HDHP/HSA plan, but you'd miss out on her employer contributions in the meantime. Get everything in writing from HR - these rules can be confusing even for benefits administrators!
I went through this exact same situation two years ago and wanted to share what worked for us. My husband had a healthcare FSA through his employer, and I got a new job with an HDHP and HSA match. The key was understanding that my new job qualified as a "qualifying life event" under IRS rules, which allowed us to make mid-year changes to our benefits. However, we had to act quickly - most employers only give you 30 days from the qualifying event to make changes. Here's what we did: 1. I contacted my husband's HR immediately to ask about switching from full healthcare FSA to limited-purpose FSA 2. We had to provide documentation of my new job offer and HDHP enrollment 3. His employer allowed the change, and we switched to limited-purpose FSA effective the month I started my new job The limited-purpose FSA only covers dental and vision expenses, which made us HSA-eligible for medical expenses. We were able to keep our existing FSA balance for dental/vision and start contributing to the HSA for medical expenses. One thing to watch out for - make sure you understand your current FSA's "use it or lose it" rules. Some plans have a grace period or allow a small rollover, but others don't. We ended up scheduling some overdue dental work to use up our FSA balance before the year ended. The timing aspect is crucial - don't wait to contact HR about this!
This is incredibly helpful - thank you for sharing your real experience! I'm in almost the exact same boat right now. Quick question: when you switched to the limited-purpose FSA mid-year, did your husband's employer prorate his FSA contributions for the remaining months? Or could he still use the full amount he had already elected for the year, just restricted to dental/vision expenses? Also, did you run into any issues with the HSA contribution limits since you started mid-year? I'm trying to figure out if we'd be limited to a prorated amount or if there are any exceptions.
Ive been an IC for 15 years and the rule ive always followed is: if its something you would buy anyway (food, coffee, etc) its not deductible. if its something you ONLY buy because of work, it probably is deductible. So your personal coffee is definitley not deductible but i do deduct coffee/snacks I buy for clients during meetings.
That's actually a really good rule of thumb! Makes it much simpler to understand than some of the complex explanations I've seen.
As a newer IC, this thread has been super helpful! I've been overthinking a lot of these expenses. The distinction everyone's making between personal consumption vs. business necessity really clarifies things. I think I was trying to justify too many personal expenses as "business-related" just because I happened to be working at the time. The rule about "would you buy this anyway even if you weren't working" is going to save me from a lot of potential audit headaches. Thanks for all the practical advice!
Just wanted to share my recent experience since I literally just went through this exact situation! I filed my missing 2023 return in early February and was stressed about the timeline too. Here's what happened: My 2023 return was processed after exactly 7 weeks (I could see it on my transcript), and then I e-filed my 2024 return the next day. The 2024 return processed in 19 days, so total timeline was about 9 weeks from start to finish. One thing that really helped was setting up an online IRS account so I could check my tax transcript directly instead of relying on "Where's My Refund" which doesn't always update promptly. The transcript will show a 150 code when your prior year return is fully processed - that's your green light to file the current year. Also, if you're really tight on finances and need to plan precisely, consider that the IRS typically releases refunds on Wednesdays and Fridays, so even if your 21-day processing period ends on a Monday, you might not see the deposit until Wednesday. Just something to factor into your timeline!
This is exactly the kind of detailed timeline I was hoping to see! The tip about checking the transcript for the 150 code is super helpful - I had no idea that was the specific indicator to look for. And you're absolutely right about the Wednesday/Friday deposit schedule, that's something I wouldn't have thought to factor in but could definitely affect my planning. Thanks for sharing your real experience with specific timeframes!
I'm currently in week 4 of waiting for my 2022 return to process, so this thread is incredibly timely for me! Based on everyone's experiences here, it sounds like I should expect another 2-4 weeks before I can safely e-file my 2024 return. One question I haven't seen addressed - has anyone had issues with their bank rejecting the direct deposit because of the long gap between filing and receiving the refund? I'm worried my bank might flag an IRS deposit coming in 2+ months after I filed my current year return as suspicious. Should I give them a heads up, or is this a non-issue? Also, @Maxwell St. Laurent, thank you for mentioning the transcript 150 code - I've been obsessively checking "Where's My Refund" but will switch to monitoring my transcript instead since that seems more reliable for tracking when the prior year is actually processed.
Good news about the bank deposit concern - that's typically not an issue at all! Banks are very familiar with IRS refund patterns and won't flag legitimate tax refunds as suspicious, even if there's a longer timeline. The deposit will come from the IRS with clear identifying information that banks recognize. However, if you've changed banks since filing or if your account information has changed, that could potentially cause a rejection. Just make sure the routing and account numbers on your 2024 return match your current active account. Most banks actually get excited about tax refund season because it means a lot of deposits coming in! You're smart to switch to monitoring your transcript - it really is more reliable than WMR for tracking the backend processing. Once you see that 150 code appear, you'll know you're good to go for e-filing your 2024 return. Hang in there, week 4 means you're probably getting close!
Malia Ponder
If u make under $12,950 in 2024, u might not even need to file a return at all if ur a dependent. But u should still file anyway to get any witholding back! And track all ur expenses, art supplies, software, part of ur internet bill, etc.
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Kyle Wallace
ā¢This isn't completely accurate. Self-employed people need to file if they make $400 or more net income, even if they're dependents. The $12,950 threshold is for regular W-2 income, not self-employment income.
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Ana Rusula
Great thread! As someone who went through this exact situation a few years ago, I wanted to add a few things that really helped me when I was starting out as a freelance digital artist. First, definitely set up a separate bank account for your business income and expenses if you haven't already. It makes tracking everything so much easier come tax time, and the IRS loves clean records if you ever get audited. Second, don't forget about state income tax requirements! Even though your state doesn't charge sales tax on digital goods, you'll still likely owe state income tax on your freelance earnings. Each state has different thresholds and rules. Also, since you're tracking everything in a spreadsheet already, consider categorizing your expenses more specifically - things like "software subscriptions," "equipment," "professional development," etc. This will make filling out Schedule C much smoother and help you spot deduction opportunities you might miss otherwise. One last tip: if you end up owing more than $1,000 in taxes when you file, you'll definitely want to start making those quarterly estimated payments for next year to avoid penalties. The IRS doesn't like waiting until April to get their money! You're being really smart about getting ahead of this. Most freelancers I know (myself included) learned this stuff the hard way after making mistakes.
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Sophie Duck
ā¢This is such helpful advice! I'm actually just getting started with freelance work myself and had no idea about the separate bank account thing. That makes so much sense for keeping everything organized. Quick question - when you say "professional development" as a category, what kind of expenses would fall under that? Like online art courses or tutorials? And do those actually count as legitimate business deductions even if they're helping me improve skills I already use? Also really appreciate the heads up about the $1,000 threshold for quarterly payments. I was worried I'd have to start making estimated payments right away even with smaller amounts.
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Nia Wilson
ā¢Yes, exactly! Online art courses, tutorials, workshops, even books about digital art techniques or business skills can all qualify as professional development expenses. The key is that they need to be related to maintaining or improving skills you use in your current business. Since you're already doing digital art professionally, courses that help you learn new techniques, software training, or even business/marketing courses for freelancers would typically qualify. You can also deduct things like conference fees if you attend art or freelancer events, membership fees for professional organizations, and even some networking events if they're business-related. The IRS generally allows these deductions as long as the education maintains or improves skills required in your business. Just keep good records showing what the course/material was about and how it relates to your work. Screenshots of course descriptions or receipts that clearly show the subject matter are really helpful. And you're right about the quarterly payments - if you owe less than $1,000 when you file, you can just pay it all at once in April without penalties. It's only when you get above that threshold that the IRS starts wanting you to pay as you go throughout the year.
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